Plurals of nouns
German noun plurals follow one of the following patterns:
- - no ending (stem vowel may change to Umlaut form):
- das Fenster, die Fenster
der Garten, die Gärten
- -e ending (stem vowel may change to Umlaut form):
- der Tisch, die Tische
der Stuhl, die Stühle
- -er ending (a , o , u , and au stem vowels change to Umlaut form):
- das Kind, die Kinder
das Buch, die Bücher
- -en , -n , or -nen ending (stem vowel does not change):
- die Frau, die Frauen
die Studentin, die Studentinnen
- -s ending (stem vowel does not change):
- das Auto, die Autos
das Radio, die Radios
While some rules may help you predict how a specific noun forms its plural, you must generally memorize the plural form with the noun and its gender.
If the plural noun is in dative case, it adds an -n or -en ending, unless the plural form already ends in -n, -en, or -s.
Kinder
Tische |
mit den Kindern
auf den Tischen |
with the children
on the tables |