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The principal parts of a verb are its infinitive form, present tense er / sie / es-form, simple past form, and past participle with helping verb. For irregular verbs, these must be learned individually.
| Examples | ||||
| Type | Infinitive | er / sie / es-form | Simple past | Helping verb + past participle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regular | kaufen | kauft | kaufte | hat gekauft |
| Regular with altered stem in past and past participle | bringen | bringt | brachte | hat gebracht |
| Irregular | trinken | trinkt | trank | hat getrunken |
| Irregular with altered 3rd person singular stem | sehen | sieht | sah | hat gesehen |
| Irregular with sein as helping verb | laufen | läuft | lief | ist gelaufen |